One or more?
Singolare means singular and plurale means plural. Italian usually changes a noun’s ending rather than adding English -s. The article changes too; we will study its forms separately.
A1 · Grammar
Singular and plural
Singolare e plurale
Three main patterns
-o → -i: libro → libri.
Feminine -a → -e: casa → case.
-e → -i in both genders: fiore → fiori, notte → notti.
Masculine nouns ending in -a often take -i: problema → problemi.
Feminine -a → -e: casa → case.
-e → -i in both genders: fiore → fiori, notte → notti.
Masculine nouns ending in -a often take -i: problema → problemi.
un libro, due libri
Show translation
one book, two books
una casa, due case
Show translation
one house, two houses
una notte, due notti
Show translation
one night, two nights
Words that do not change
Words with stress on the final vowel usually remain unchanged: città, caffè. Many borrowed words ending in a consonant are also unchanged: bar. The article or context indicates the number.
una città, due città
Show translation
one city, two cities
Spelling and exceptions
Feminine nouns ending in -ca and -ga add h in the plural: amica → amiche, collega → colleghe. There is no single exception-free pattern for -co/-go. Also learn uomo → uomini; mano → mani; uovo → uova (feminine in the plural).
un'amica, due amiche
Show translation
one female friend, two female friends
un problema, due problemi
Show translation
one problem, two problems
Remember
Main patterns: -o → -i, feminine -a → -e, -e → -i. Check exceptions. Città, caffè and bar do not change.
Result
This is practice, not an exam. You can repeat the exercises.